William Blake’s complex poems and images make formidable demands. The first words that come to mind for most of his struggling reader/viewers may be “religion” or “imagination." But there is a strong critical tradition of approaching Blake’s work from the less expected angle of science and philosophy. Writing In the tradition of such foundational critics as Jacob Bronowski and Donald Ault, Joe Fletcher leaves no question that he is their worthy successor. — Morris Eaves, Professor of English and Richard L. Turner Professor of Humanities, Director, A. W. Mellon Graduate Program in the Digital Humanities, the School of Arts & Sciences, University of Rochester, Co-editor of William Blake Archive and Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly

We know William Blake as a great Romantic poet, printmaker, and painter. Blake knew himself also as a philosopher and, as Fletcher persuasively demonstrates, was correct to do so. William Blake as Natural Philosopher, 1788-1795 reveals how Blake's early illuminated poetry imaginatively engaged with contemporary natural-philosophical debates concerning matter, the soul, and organic life. Fletcher traces these discourses through the long eighteenth century, and he is the first to argue that during this seven-year period, Blake both develops and withdraws from a pantheistic philosophy that views the material world as essentially divine. His innovative examination of both Blake's texts and designs provides the historical and theoretical grounds for new readings of Blake’s early works and a reevaluation of the significance of pantheism to Blake’s thought. — Joseph Viscomi, James G. Kenan Distinguished Professor of English Literature, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Joseph Fletcher’s William Blake as Natural Philosopher, 1788-1795 is a carefully researched, original engagement of William Blake’s early works with the natural philosophers of his day, encompassing figures such as Leibniz, Berkeley, Hume, Descartes, Priestley, and Erasmus Darwin. I highly recommend it for anyone researching Blake, Blake and natural philosophy, or eighteenth-century thought and the history of science. — James Rovira, Independent Researcher, US

Joseph Fletcher's William Blake as Natural Philosopher is meticulous in its research, wide-ranging in its implications, and fascinating in its conclusions. While many are aware of the deeply entrenched philosophical tussle between Blake and Locke, Fletcher extends this argument to consider not only Enlightenment contemporaries but also classical thinkers who shaped his approaches to understanding the world and the soul. As such, this is an important addition to our appreciation of the early works of Blake and one that will be appreciated by scholars seeking insights into his art and writings in the late eighteenth century. — Jason Whittaker, author of Divine Images: The Life and Work of William Blake, University of Lincoln

Blake wrote poetry that at times appears simple while being very complex, and that at other times drops all pretenses to simplicity. Joseph Fletcher’s book dedicates itself to the task of defining Blake’s position on a variety of questions asked by eighteenth-century natural science, which in contemporary terms consisted of a mixture of philosophy of science, philosophy of nature, and empirical study. — James Rovira, Blake/An Illustrated Quarterly, Vol. 56, no. 4 (spring 2023).

Fletcher’s book is an engaging study of Blake’s creative dialogue with philosophical tradition. It offers thought-provoking comparisons of Blake’s work to that of a wide array of philosophers, and readers interested in Blake’s relationships to philosophical tradition, science, and pantheism will find value in Fletcher’s study. - European Romantic Review